Estimate your federal income tax with a detailed bracket-by-bracket breakdown.
The United States uses a progressive marginal tax system. This means different portions of your income are taxed at different rates — only the income within each bracket is taxed at that bracket's rate.
Common misconception: if you're in the 22% bracket, you don't pay 22% on all your income — only on the portion that falls within the 22% range. Your lower income is still taxed at 10% and 12%.
| Rate | Income Range |
|---|---|
| 10% | $0 – $11,925 |
| 12% | $11,925 – $48,475 |
| 22% | $48,475 – $103,350 |
| 24% | $103,350 – $197,300 |
| 32% | $197,300 – $250,525 |
| 35% | $250,525 – $626,350 |
| 37% | Over $626,350 |
The standard deduction in 2025 is $15,000 (Single), $30,000 (Married Filing Jointly), and $22,500 (Head of Household). Only itemize if your mortgage interest, charitable contributions, state/local taxes, and medical expenses exceed the standard deduction.